وحدة:String/شرح

This module is intended to provide access to basic string functions.

Most of the functions provided here can be invoked with named parameters, unnamed parameters, or a mixture. If named parameters are used, Mediawiki will automatically remove any leading or trailing whitespace from the parameter. Depending on the intended use, it may be advantageous to either preserve or remove such whitespace.

Global options

ignore_errors

If set to 'true' or 1, any error condition will result in an empty string being returned rather than an error message.

error_category

If an error occurs, specifies the name of a category to include with the error message. The default category is

• تصنيف:Errors reported by Module String (249 صفحة).

no_category

If set to 'true' or 1, no category will be added if an error is generated.

Unit tests for this module are available at وحدة:String/testcases.

len

This function returns the length of the target string.

الاستخدام:

{{#invoke:String|len|target_string}}

أو

{{#invoke:String|len|s= target_string }}

الوسائط:

s

The string whose length to report

أمثلة:

• {{#invoke:String|len| abcdefghi }} ينتج ← 11
• {{#invoke:String|len|s= abcdefghi }} ينتج ← 9

sub

This function returns a substring of the target string at specified indices.

الاستخدام:

{{#invoke:String|sub|target_string|start_index|end_index}}

أو

{{#invoke:String|sub|s= target_string |i= start_index |j= end_index }}

الوسائط:

s

The string to return a subset of

i

The first index of the substring to return, defaults to 1.

j

The last index of the string to return, defaults to the last character.

The first character of the string is assigned an index of 1. If either i or j is a negative value, it is interpreted the same as selecting a character by counting from the end of the string. Hence, a value of -1 is the same as selecting the last character of the string.

If the requested indices are out of range for the given string, an error is reported.

أمثلة:

• "{{#invoke:String|sub| abcdefghi }}" ينتج ← " abcdefghi "
• "{{#invoke:String|sub|s= abcdefghi }}" ينتج ← "abcdefghi"
• "{{#invoke:String|sub| abcdefghi | 3 }}" ينتج ← "bcdefghi "
• "{{#invoke:String|sub|s= abcdefghi |i= 3 }}" ينتج ← "cdefghi"
• "{{#invoke:String|sub| abcdefghi | 3 | 4 }}" ينتج ← "bc"
• "{{#invoke:String|sub|s= abcdefghi |i= 3 |j= 4 }}" ينتج ← "cd"

sublength

This function implements the features of {{str sub old}} and is kept in order to maintain these older templates. It returns a substring of the target string starting at a specified index and of a specified length.

الاستخدام:

{{#invoke:String|sublength|s= target_string |i= start_index |len= length }}

الوسائط:

s

The string

i

The starting index of the substring to return. The first character of the string is assigned an index of 0.

len

The length of the string to return, defaults to the last character.

أمثلة:

• {{#invoke:String|sublength|s= abcdefghi }} ينتج ← abcdefghi
• {{#invoke:String|sublength|s= abcdefghi |i= 3 }} ينتج ← defghi
• {{#invoke:String|sublength|s= abcdefghi |i= 3 |len= 4 }} ينتج ← defg

match

This function returns a substring from the source string that matches a specified pattern.

الاستخدام:

{{#invoke:String|match|source_string|pattern_string|start_index|match_number|plain_flag|nomatch_output}}

أو

{{#invoke:String|match|s= source_string |pattern= pattern_string |start= start_index |match= match_number |plain= plain_flag |nomatch= nomatch_output }}

الوسائط:

s

The string to search

pattern

The pattern or string to find within the string

start

The index within the source string to start the search. The first character of the string has index 1. Defaults to 1.

match

In some cases it may be possible to make multiple matches on a single string. This specifies which match to return, where the first match is match= 1. If a negative number is specified then a match is returned counting from the last match. Hence match = -1 is the same as requesting the last match. Defaults to 1.

plain

Boolean flag indicating that pattern should be understood as plain text and not as a Scribunto ustring pattern (a unicode-friendly لوا (لغة برمجة)-style تعبير نمطي). Defaults to false (to change: plain=true)

nomatch

If no match is found, output the "nomatch" value rather than an error.

ignore_errors

If no match is found and ignore_errors=true, output an empty string rather than an error.

If the match_number or start_index are out of range for the string being queried, then this function generates an error. An error is also generated if no match is found. If one adds the parameter ignore_errors=true, then the error will be suppressed and an empty string will be returned on any failure.

For information on constructing لوا (لغة برمجة) patterns, a form of تعبير نمطي, see:

• Scribunto patterns
• Scribunto Unicode string patterns

أمثلة:

• {{#invoke:String|match| abc123def456 |%d+}} ينتج ← 123
• {{#invoke:String|match|s= abc123def456 |pattern= %d+ }} ينتج ← 123
• {{#invoke:String|match| abc123def456 |%d+|6}} ينتج ← 23
• {{#invoke:String|match|s= abc123def456 |pattern= %d+ |start= 6 }} ينتج ← 3
• {{#invoke:String|match|s= abc123def456 |pattern= %d+ |start= 6 |match= 2 }} ينتج ← 456
• {{#invoke:String|match|s= abc123%d+ |pattern= %d+ }} ينتج ← 123
• {{#invoke:String|match|s= abc123%d+ |pattern= %d+ |plain= true }} ينتج ← %d+
• {{#invoke:String|match|s= abc |pattern= %d }} ينتج ←
• {{#invoke:String|match|s= abc |pattern= %d |nomatch= No numeric characters in string }} ينتج ← No numeric characters in string
• {{#invoke:String|match|s= abc |pattern= %d |ignore_errors= true }} ينتج ←
• {{#invoke:String|match|s= 0012001200 |pattern= 0*(%d*) }} ينتج ← 12001200

pos

This function returns a single character from the target string at position pos.

الاستخدام:

{{#invoke:String|pos|target_string|index_value}}

أو

{{#invoke:String|pos|target= target_string |pos= index_value }}

الوسائط:

target

The string to search

pos

The index for the character to return

The first character has an index value of 1.

If one requests a negative value, this function will select a character by counting backwards from the end of the string. In other words pos = -1 is the same as asking for the last character.

A requested value of zero, or a value greater than the length of the string returns an error.

أمثلة:

• {{#invoke:String|pos| abcdefghi | 4 }} ينتج ← c
• {{#invoke:String|pos|target= abcdefghi |pos= 4 }} ينتج ← d

str_find

This function duplicates the behavior of {{Str find}}, including all of its quirks. This is provided in order to support existing templates, but is NOT RECOMMENDED for new code and templates. New code is recommended to use the "find" function instead.

Returns the first index in "source" that is a match to "target". Indexing is 1-based, and the function returns -1 if the "target" string is not present in "source".

Important Note: If the "target" string is empty / missing, this function returns a value of "1", which is generally unexpected behavior, and must be accounted for separately.

الاستخدام:

{{#invoke:String|find|source_string|target_string}}

أو

{{#invoke:String|find|source= source_string |target= target_string }}

الوسائط:

source

The string to search

target

The string to find within source

أمثلة:

• {{#invoke:String|str_find| abc123def }} ينتج ← 1
• {{#invoke:String|str_find|source= abc123def }} ينتج ← 1
• {{#invoke:String|str_find| abc123def |123}} ينتج ← 5
• {{#invoke:String|str_find|source= abc123def |target= 123 }} ينتج ← 4

find

This function allows one to search for a target string or pattern within another string.

الاستخدام:

{{#invoke:String|find|source_string|target_string|start_index|plain_flag}}

أو

{{#invoke:String|find|source= source_string |target= target_string |start= start_index |plain= plain_flag }}

الوسائط:

source

The string to search

target

The string or pattern to find within source

start

The index within the source string to start the search, defaults to 1

plain

Boolean flag indicating that target should be understood as plain text and not as a Scribunto ustring pattern (a unicode-friendly لوا (لغة برمجة)-style تعبير نمطي); defaults to true

This function returns the first index >= "start" where "target" can be found within "source". Indices are 1-based. If "target" is not found, then this function returns 0. If either "source" or "target" are missing / empty, this function also returns 0.

This function should be safe for UTF-8 strings.

أمثلة:

• {{#invoke:String|find|abc123def|12}} ينتج ← 4

• {{#invoke:String|find|source=abc123def|target=12}} ينتج ← 4

• {{#invoke:String|find|source=abc123def|target=pqr}} ينتج ← 0

• {{#invoke:String|find| abc123def |123}} ينتج ← 5
• {{#invoke:String|find|source= abc123def |target= 123 }} ينتج ← 4
• {{#invoke:String|find|source=abc123def|target=%d |start=3 |plain=false }} ينتج ← 4

When using unnamed parameters, preceding and trailing spaces are kept and counted:

• {{#invoke:String|find| abc123def |c|false}} ينتج ← 4
• {{#invoke:String|find|source= abc123def |target=c|plain=false}} ينتج ← 3

replace

This function allows one to replace a target string or pattern within another string.

الاستخدام:

{{#invoke:String|replace|source_str|pattern_string|replace_string|replacement_count|plain_flag}}

أو

{{#invoke:String|replace|source= source_string |pattern= pattern_string |replace= replace_string |count= replacement_count |plain= plain_flag }}

الوسائط:

source

The string to search

pattern

The string or pattern to find within source

replace

The replacement text

count

The number of occurrences to replace; defaults to all

plain

Boolean flag indicating that pattern should be understood as plain text and not as a Scribunto ustring pattern (a unicode-friendly لوا (لغة برمجة)-style تعبير نمطي); defaults to true

أمثلة:

• "{{#invoke:String|replace| abc123def456 |123|N}}" ينتج ← " abcNdef456 "
• "{{#invoke:String|replace|source= abc123def456 |pattern= 123 |replace= N }}" ينتج ← "abcNdef456"
• "{{#invoke:String|replace| abc123def456 |%d+|N|1|false}}" ينتج ← " abcNdef456 "
• "{{#invoke:String|replace|source= abc123def456 |pattern= %d+ |replace= N |count=1 |plain= false }}" ينتج ← "abcNdef456"
• "{{#invoke:String|replace|source= abc123def456 |pattern= %d+ |replace= N |plain= false }}" ينتج ← "abcNdefN"
• {{#invoke:String|replace|source= 0012001200 |pattern= ^0* |plain= false }} ينتج ← 12001200

rep

Repeats a string n times. A simple function to pipe string.rep to templates.

الاستخدام:

{{#invoke:String|rep|source|count}}

الوسائط:

source

The string to repeat

count

The number of repetitions.

أمثلة:

• "{{#invoke:String|rep|hello|3}}" ينتج ← "hellohellohello"
• "{{#invoke:String|rep| hello | 3 }}" ينتج ← " hello hello hello "

escapePattern

Escapes magic characters in a Lua pattern. If you convert a string using this function, then the converted string will be interpreted as a literal string in functions that accept Lua patterns. For example, ., meaning "any character", will be converted to %., meaning the literal character ".".

الاستخدام:

• {{#invoke:String|escapePattern|pattern_string}}

الوسائط:

pattern_string

The pattern string to escape

أمثلة:

• "{{#invoke:String|escapePattern|A.D.}}" ينتج ← "A%.D%."
• "{{#invoke:String|escapePattern|10%}}" ينتج ← "10%%"

count

Counts the number of times a given pattern appears in the arguments that get passed on to this module.

الاستخدام:

{{#invoke:String|count|source_str|pattern_string|plain_flag}}

أو

{{#invoke:String|count|source= source_string |pattern= pattern_string|plain= plain_flag }}

الوسائط:

source_string

The string to count occurrences in

pattern

The string or pattern to count occurrences of within source

plain

Boolean flag indicating that pattern should be understood as plain text and not as a Scribunto ustring pattern (a unicode-friendly لوا (لغة برمجة)-style تعبير نمطي); defaults to true

أمثلة:

• Count of 'a': "{{#invoke:String|count|aabbcc|a}}" ينتج ← "2"
• Count of "either 'a' or 'c' ":"{{#invoke:String|count|aabbcc|[ac]|plain=false}}" ينتج ← "4"
• Count of "not 'a' ": "{{#invoke:String|count|aaabaaac|[^a]|plain=false}}" ينتج ← "2"
• Count of "starts with 'a' ": "{{#invoke:String|count|aaabaaac|^a|plain=false}}" ينتج ← "1"

join

Joins all strings passed as arguments into one string, treating the first argument as a separator

الاستخدام:

{{#invoke:String|join|separator|string1|string2|...}}

الوسائط:

separator

String that separates each string being joined together

Note that leading and trailing spaces are not stripped from the separator.

string1/string2/...

Strings being joined together

أمثلة:

• "{{#invoke:String|join|x|foo|bar|baz}}" ينتج ← "fooxbarxbaz"
• "{{#invoke:String|join||a|b|c|d|e|f|g}}" ينتج ← "abcdefg"
• "{{#invoke:String|join|,|a|b|c|d|e|f|g}}" ينتج ← "a,b,c,d,e,f,g"
• "{{#invoke:String|join|, |a|b|c|d|e|f|g}}" ينتج ← "a, b, c, d, e, f, g"
• "{{#invoke:String|join| – |a|b|c|d|e|f|g}}" ينتج ← "a – b – c – d – e – f – g"

The preceding example uses the html entity – but the unicode character also works.

endswith

الاستخدام:

{{#invoke:String|count|source_str|pattern_string}}

أو

{{#invoke:String|count|source= source_string |pattern= pattern_string}}

Returns "yes" if the source string ends with the pattern string. Both strings are trimmed before use.

• "{{#invoke:String|endswith|xxxyyy|y}}" ينتج ← "yes"
• "{{#invoke:String|endswith|xxxyyy|z}}" ينتج ← ""

طالع أيضاً

• وحدة:String2 for functions to convert the capitalisation of strings to upper, lower, sentence or title case.
• وحدة:StringFunc
• وحدة:Ustring